Understanding Artificial Intelligence and its Impact

AI is transforming our world and is becoming essential to navigate academically, professionally, and ethically. Many computer programs and everyday platforms you use already have embedded AI capabilities, such as web search engines, Netflix, Amazon, Google Docs, Microsoft Copilot, and Adobe applications.

Key Definitions

What is AI?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the science and engineering of making automated machines that can learn, reason, solve problems, and make decisions.

What is Generative AI?

Generative AI is a type of AI that creates new content (like text, images, speech, videos, voice, code, etc.) based on patterns learned from training data and user input. These tools use large language models (LLMs) to respond to prompts, often appearing intelligent due to their use of natural language and quick computation. AI responses are based on training data even though the generated text may seem thoughtful and correct.

By far, the most common LLM is Open AI’s ChatGPT, but other technologies include Microsoft’s Copilot, Google’s Gemini, and Anthropic’s Claude. In addition, there are specific image generation tools (Adobe’s Firefly, DALL-E, Midjourney, and Stable Diffusion). There are also tools that incorporate AI technologies that can be used for research, writing, and design practices. Examples include Google’s NotebookLM, Perplexity, Elicit, Grammarly, Canva

Understanding Opportunities and Limitations

Understanding generative AI’s opportunities and its limitations is essential to responsible and ethical use.

Opportunities

  • Personalized learning experiences
  • Practical skill development through simulations
  • Extended accessibility
  • Enhanced research capabilities

Limitations

  • Risk of overdependence
  • Misinformation and “hallucinations”
  • Built-in biases and inaccuracies

References

Bowen, José Antonio and Watson, C. Edward. (2024) Teaching with AI: A Practical Guide to a New Era of Human Learning. Johns Hopkins U Press.

Dobrin, Sidney I. (2025) Talking about Generative AI: A Guide for Educators 2.0. Broadview Press.

Elon University and the American Association of Colleges and Universities. (2025). “AI-U Student Guide to Artificial Intelligence 2025.”